What does "bandwidth" refer to in the context of communications?

In the context of communications, "bandwidth" refers to the maximum data transfer rate of a network. This concept is crucial because it determines how much information can be transmitted over a connection in a given amount of time, usually measured in bits per second (bps). A higher bandwidth indicates a greater capacity for data transfer, which allows for faster and more efficient communication. This is particularly important for applications requiring large amounts of data, such as video streaming or online gaming, where adequate bandwidth ensures smooth and uninterrupted service. Understanding bandwidth helps in designing and optimizing networks to meet user demands and performance expectations.